Are metaphorical paths and roads ever paved?

Why many concepts are metaphorical.

The study of concepts in psychology has historically had little to say about the possible influence of metaphor on mental representation. This silence is not terribly surprising given the long-standing view that metaphor is an ornamental, even deviant, form of language bearing no relation to how people actually conceptualize of objects, individuals, events, and abstract ideas. But in the last 2...

L1 Shortest Paths with Isothetic Roads

We present a nearly optimal (O(ν min(ν, n)n log n) time and O(n) space) algorithm that constructs a shortest path map with n isothetic roads of speed ν under the L1 metric. The algorithm uses the continuous Dijkstra method and its efficiency is based on a new geometric insight; the minimum in-degree of any nearest neighbor graph for points with roads of speed ν is Θ(ν min(ν, n)), which is first...

Regional analysis of the effect of paved roads on sodium and chloride in lakes.

Salinization of surface water from sodium chloride (road salt) applied to paved roads is a widely recognized environmental concern in the northern hemisphere, yet practical information to improve winter road management to reduce the environmental impacts of this deicer is lacking. The purpose of our study was to provide such information by developing baseline concentrations for sodium and chlor...

Characterization of Mud/Dirt Carryout onto Paved Roads from Construction and Demolition Activities

Several urban areas of the country in violation of the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for particulate matter have identified fugitive dust generated by vehicular traffic on paved streets and highways resulting from mud/dirt carryout from unpaved areas as a primary source of PM-10 (particles ≤ 10 μm in aerodynamic diameter). Since little data are currently available on the amount ...

Multi-year maintenance optimisation for paved public roads – segment based modelling and price-directive decomposition